Hi, S.-- I know you got quite a few responses, but I just wanted to chime in. I'm sorry you're stressed out! Toddlerhood is a busy, in-between time that can be hard on the mom/baby relationship.
You should know there area couple of excellent La Leche League meetings in the SLC area, including one specifically for mothers of babies nursing beyond the first year. . . I *highly* recommend you attend one of their meetings. LLL saved my mothering sanity! If you posed this question there, you'd get so many gentle, respectful, sympathetic ideas that would also be effective in moving you towards the end of your breastfeeding relationship. You could also call up a Leader in your area and get some information from her. All their services are free, the Leaders are accredited and offer only medically sound, current information, and there is usually a lending library of books anyone can borrow from. You can find a phone number for a local LLL Leader and nearby meeting info at www.llli.org.
You would probably really appreciate the books "How Weaning Happens" and "Mothering Your Nursing Toddler." Both are packed with information about weaning, and I have found both very helpful and full of ideas I had not read or heard anywhere else. You could find these books cheap online or borrow them for free from your LLL group.
You might beinterested to know that the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that babies nurse at least until they reach one year of age, and then continue as long as mutually desired by mother and baby. The World Health Organization, UNICEF and the last Surgeon General of the U.S. all recommended breastfeeding until baby reached two years of age. I'm not telling you what to do, I'm just reminding you that you're not the only one nursing a toddler, and the health and relationship benefits are documented and real, so you can feel very good about that.
Because your child is a toddler, you have so many more options for the weaning process. A time-honored approach is "don't offer, don't refuse." This idea respects the fact that when you're meeting a million different developmental milestones, it's reasonable to need (yep, it's a need) to reconnect with mom occasionally. I have three sons (ages 7, 3, and 1) and I noticed with my older boys (now weaned ;) that I nursed a lot when I was on the phone, just to keep them happy and quiet while I was preoccupied. I realized it's important to wean *to* something--you can't just cut out something that important and not fill the need with something else that is appealing and positive. So, I made a lot of efforts to hang up the phone and do puzzles and read books and fix healthy snacks and snuggle.
A wise mom told me when I was nursing my second son that weaning is a process, not an event. She told me the word "wean" comes from the same Latin root as the word "to ripen." So she said mom is like a tree, and the baby is like a fruit. You know when the fruit is ripe because it falls into your hand with just a gentle tug; if it's not ripe, you really have to fight to pull it off the tree. Babies are the same way, she said. If Baby is ready to graduate from the breastfeeding relationship, just the gentlest nudge or distraction will work. If Baby has a real need, she'll push back and cling to Mom even harder. Only you can know what's right for your relationship with your child.
Mothers who wean gradually do not have problems with plugged ducts and mastitis. Because it takes at least 24-48 hours for your body to adjust milk production, I wouldn't recommend trying to eliminate more than one nursing every few days--for your own health and comfort as well as Baby's--and that would be going pretty fast, in my opinion. It's OK to adjust your relationship and wean at nighttime, or set some rules (like "we only nurse at home," or "we only nurse when the sun is out," or "we only nurse after two books and a song" or whatever) so you are not feeling resentful but you are moving towards weaning in a non-stressful way.
You can also cut down on the length of nursing sessions by counting or singing, as in "OK, you can nurse until I count to 10" and then you can count slowly or quickly depending on your mood and circumstances. This is a great excuse to sing the alphabet or any other nursery song to your toddler. . . if you choose action songs such as "Eensy Weensy Spider" you can sing it once while she nurses and then sing it again with actions when she's done, as a happy distraction.
As for the biting, another mom once told me she looked at breastfeeding as her first opportunity to teach her child manners. So, it's OK to make it clear that biting is not acceptable. You don't have to be mean, just clear--take her off and get up to go do something else for a bit and tell her biting hurts and is not OK. I noticed my babies would occasionally nip me when I was nursing while on the phone (back to that boredom thing again) and it was clearly a bid for my attention. I've only ever had a few bites total for nursing three kids, so I think it's just experimenting with new teeth and then trying to figure out what's all right and what's not. Since the tongue must extend over the bottom teeth/gums to nurse effectively, babies cannot bite and nurse at the same time and most would much prefer nursing. You can push her into the breast until she releases, or keep your hand nearby to unlatch her if you feel her starting to clamp down.
I really give you my sincerest best wishes. Nursing is such a short season, and you and your daughter will reap the benefits of your breastfeeding relationship forever. Hang in there as you graduate to the next season of mothering--and really, consider calling a LLL Leader or checking out one of their meetings. The SLC Leaders I have met are all terrific. :)