I think if it were up to your kids, they would want you home. Mine did. Sometimes I would ask them as they were growing up if they would prefer that I worked so they could have more things, they would always say no.
I tried the part-time work thing but I was so exhausted when I got home that I didn't want to hear about my kids' day at school. I didn't feel like making dinner and I just wasn't as excited to be with my family.
When their schedules got crazy (clubs, sports, etc.), I could go to every single one of their games and events without having to change my work schedule or stress about not getting all the home stuff done. My schedule was mine. I could drive for every field trip, volunteer for class parties, go to their assemblies, etc. I got to know my kids' friends really well and was able to help my kids with their relationship issues. I kept thinking that there would come a day when my kids would tell me to stop coming around. Never happened - not even in high school. My kids' friends enjoyed having me around as a surrogate mom, I think.
Another way of interacting with adults was to find volunteer jobs that you can bring your kids along. When my kids were babies, we went to visit shut-ins from our church with other ladies (the other ladies helped me with my children when I brought both). They LOVED seeing my children. Then as they got older, my kids learned the value of volunteering. Kids love to work when they are little!
I was so much more relaxed and happy, which was a gift to my husband. I made "me" time with other SAHM's by joining play groups, MOPS (let me know if you're not familiar), and bible studies with childcare. Or I would invite other SAHM's to come over to play, swim, paint, do crafts, bake, etc.
Potential Negatives:
Loneliness (it's a choice to stay cooped up at home)
Instead of a paycheck, raise or review, my sense of self-worth only came from my children's smiles, hugs, etc.
Lack of appreciation (kids don't usually say "Thanks for doing my laundry, Mom), so I would hand them my laundry and in a silly voice I would say, "Wow, Mom! This is the cleanest laundry I have ever seen!" Then they would give me a hug and say thanks. So you just have to ask for their thanks in a fun way (including my husband). Let them know when you need a hug.
Lack of money - Our whole family learned how to be frugal. To this day, my kids who are in college, know how to save a few cents here and there and how to make things last. We never talked about what we didn't have. When it was tempting, we talked about all the things we did have. My children know that spending time with someone (their friends, grandparents, etc.) is more important than handing them a gift.
Being looked at as "only" a SAHM - Accept that there are some whose worth is based on what their job is and what makes them happy. Think about your kids and know that what they think is much more important than what others think.
Complete exhaustion when the kids are little - Get your kids on a good sleeping schedule where they go to bed early enough for you to have some time each night alone or with your husband. Plan a ladies night out once in a while. If your husband doesn't go for that, encourage him to have a men's night out once in a while as well.
Your husband may resent you for not bringing in a paycheck - Give him some undivided time, make his favorite meals, let your kids see you giving him a foot rub, back rub, etc. Praise him for being such a great provider and allowing you the privilege of staying home, etc. Brag about your husband (in front of him) to others that he allows you to stay home with your kids.
Sorry this is so long. As a teacher, I see the difference in the kids whose parents have great relationships with their kids. Kids are so proud to have their moms at the class parties, field trips, awards assemblies, helping in the school library, etc. They love having their parents be the ones who made copies or cut out shapes for the teacher.
Keep Dr. Laura's book handy. You may have to read it again from time to time.