I suggest that you explore Non-violent Communication. You can learn about it on the Internet and they have at least one book. I wish the name was different. It is not really about violence. It's about how to say things so that the other person can be more open to hearing what you've said. Using the skills that they show you, helps to prevents negative responses.
I understand how you might feel. At the same time, try not to take the situation personally. A man's job/career is a large part of who he is and I understand how some men would not want to have their wife as involved in finding them a career as you seem to be. Yes, this is your area of expertise but I suggest that a neutral person would work better. A typical wife would give him suggestions yes, but not be so involved, ultimately.
And let's face it, you can't have an objective opinion. How you think is colored by who you are and your expectations as his wife as well as being an expert. I suggest that getting objective ideas about various jobs and opinions from others is a good step to take. Ultimately, if you don't push him at this point and allow him to be "master of his destiny" he will discuss his ideas with you. I think that his inviting his friends to your house shows that he does want to involve you. He's just having difficulty keeping who he is separate from who you are.
If he's not including you in the dinner, perhaps you could arrange for babysitting and be included? Then, just be a listener during dinner. Only offer information or suggestions if you're asked for them. Perhaps this is why you and your husband aren't on the same "wave length." I'm a fixer by nature and found that when I am more of a listener and less of an advisor that I have more influence in the long run. As a listener, you can ask leading questions that helps the other come to conclusions on their own. They feel like they thought of it, mostly.
That has become my goal in my relationship with my daughter. When I gave unsolicited advice we didn't have much actual communication. Eventually she might decide to do what I'd suggested but it took longer than letting her think of the idea for herself. And......she resented my advice. A daughter wants to be independent. So does a husband, wife, nearly everybody. Dependent but also intimate. It's a difficult boundary to navigate.
I suggest, based on your statement about "it's not going to be a waste of money or time" might indicate that he feels that you have to give your approval and he wants to make this his decision with input from you but not with you having the final say.
I'm familiar with Myers Briggs but it does sound a bit like overkill in his case since he's done other research. Does he believe he knows in what areas his interests lay? Sounds like he needs more positive feedback and approval and less referrals and steps to take.
As hard as it is to hear that he can't talk with you about "these things," it's a good sign that he can tell you that. Being able to say how one feels is the basis of a good relationship. Yes, it hurts. It is also helping you by letting you know that both of you need to make a change. Try to accept what he said more as a statement that will help both of you instead of a personal criticism of you. The statement is about both of you. It's not your fault that he can't talk with you. The cause is a combination of both you and the way that both of you are interacting. Now that he's made that statement, both of you are able to do this differently.
Couples counseling might help both of you learn how to express your feelings with each other and talk in a manner that feels supportive for both you.