ANYTHING you post on someone's posts will show on their posts. The only think you can do is stop commenting on their posts and private message them instead.
You are commenting on their post on "their" wall. All their friends and whomever they have their own privacy settings set to can see it.
It doesn't matter what you do, their post is on "their" wall and when you comment on it you are posting a comment on "their" wall. Nothing you can do about it but stop posting comments.
As for your own pictures you have to go to each picture and click on it then edit it. Change it to custom then decide who you want to be able to see your things. If you don't even want hubby to be able to see it then select "only me". If you want only your true friends to be able to see your albums mark them "friends but not acquaintances".
Then go to your name and click on it, go to "friends" and go through your entire list and hover over their name. Select friends and click on it. When the box comes up check acquaintance if you don't want that person to have access to your photo's. This will also eliminate them being able to see posts that you share with "Friends but not acquaintances".
This is a relatively new option for privacy and some may not have it. I like it because I have tons of friends that I have no idea who they are, I play Gardens of Time and I keep all this strangers as Acquaintances so they can't see my photo's, private posts, or anything I don't want them to see. So FB has made it where we can basically do 4-5 things with our posts and photo's, etc....
Public
Anyone who is on FB typing in names can find your name and can see each and every item you have ever posted or saved.
If you have your privacy settings all set at public you are sharing everything with the whole wide world. Your choice to do so, not FB's.
Friends
This means you only want your friends to be able to see your private posts and pictures and stuff. IF someone searching for a friend comes across your name they can still see a lot of your information though.
Friends of friends
This means anyone who is a friend of anyone you are friends with can click on your name in a comment and go to your page and see any item you have marked friends of friends.
Custom
This setting is the most time consuming because you can set the item for a group of friends, keep certain people from being to access it, all sorts of choices.
Then there is the option of clicking on someone as you go through your list as an acquaintance. This means you know them but aren't close friends with them. So you can select friends but not acquaintances on any post or share or photo or anything else just by clicking that option is the box where you select "post".
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Go through your friends list now, hover over their name, when the box comes up select and click on friends.
When you get the next box up it will look something like this.
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Notifications
___________________
Show in News feed
Settings
_____________________
Close friends
Acquaintances
Add to another list.....
____________________________
Suggest friends
See friendship
____________________________
Unfriend
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Once you have decided what you want them to be go to Settings and click on that. The next page will look something like this.
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Go back
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See which updates
All Updates
Most Updates
Only Important Updates
________________________
What types of updates
Life Events
Status Updates
Photos
Games
Comments and Likes
Music and Videos
Other Activity
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For people that I play games with I have every item un-checked except games. I don't want to see their status updates.
I don't want to see their life events.
I don't want to see if they make a comment on their great nieces high school pictures on their nieces news feed/wall.
I do want to see each and every game post they make though so I can help them out and get bonuses.
I do not want to see that they "liked" the oreo FB page or that they liked their sister's comment about her ex husband finally making a child support payment. I do not want to see anything they "like" or "Comment" on.
I "MIGHT" want to see what music they like and watch if I've seen that they have similar taste in music. I have one cousin I've never met and he often shares music videos off youtube and I have found several groups that I like their music due to keeping this checked on his settings. But he's just about the only one that I keep this checked.
As for other activity, if I don't want to see their other stuff I guess I am not going to want to see their other activity so I uncheck it too.
IF THIS IS A FAMILY MEMBER OR THE KIDS I KEEP EACH AND EVERY ONE OF THEM CHECKED THOUGH.
I have my close family and friends checked to as friends. Gamers I play games with get un-checked on everything except "Only Important" and "Games".
All others are acquaintances so they don't see my personal posts such as what we're doing for the evening or if the kids have something going on I want to talk about.
Privacy is MY issue and not FB's. I have the ability to choose what I want to share and what I want others to see. It is MY responsibility to learn how to manage my privacy and do it as well as I can.
BUT I also have to remember the internet is not private, nor is there any promise that it will be private, ever. I have the choice of how "I" have "MY" settings.
I am glad you are trying to learn how to do this better. If you go to the little symbol by your name where you can log out go to the very bottom where it says help, this should also help you learn more too.
Just remember, when you comment on someone else's post you are posting that comment where each person she is friends with can see it and if she has her settings set differently than yours even more people can see your comment on her wall. Her privacy settings are her own choice and not your business. So you should not ask her to change anything.