L.B.
since they are just prefolds and don't have any snaps or anything, you could try boiling them to see if that strips them of whatever is hanging around causing the smell. it sounds like detergent buildup or your routine is not getting them fully clean. i'd recommend trying something other than charlie's soap (sounds like you tried other soaps with charlies but not separately?) for a few washes if nothing else, and see if that gets you anywhere. a small amount of bleach is also a great idea every so often and has helped many people get rid of stink issues (we mainly had issues with hemp and fleece fabrics holding onto smells). good luck!