Fondant is a confection used as a filling or coating for cakes, pastries, and candies or sweets. In its simplest form, it is sugar and water cooked to a point, specifically the soft-ball stage, cooled slightly, and stirred or beaten until it is an opaque mass of creamy consistency. Fondant is commonly used to decorate wedding cakes. This gives the cakes a smooth appearance.
Contents
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* 1 How it is used
* 2 Additives
* 3 Chemistry
* 4 Similar confections
* 5 See also
[edit] How it is used
A fondant-covered cake depicting a sewing kit.
A fondant-covered cake depicting a sewing kit.
The finished product solidifies and may be stored until needed, at which point it is reheated. As a liquid it may be poured into molds, or over cakes and pastries as a form of icing. The word fondant comes from the French fondre and Latin fundere, meaning "to melt". It literally translates as "melting" or "melty" in current French.[citation needed]
In its softer state, fondant may be rolled or molded. It is often used as a filling for chocolates and a topping for elaborate cakes. Fondant can also be used to smooth the sides of cakes, making them easier to decorate and more professional-looking. Fondant may be used as a substitute for chocolate in coatings for candies, either as mock white chocolate, or with cocoa added to the fondant, as a chocolate-like covering.
Typically, glucose is added to prevent the syrup from graining while cooking. Corn syrup is the most common form of glucose used in North America. In the rest of the world glucose sugar is used exclusively.[citation needed]
Cherries or other fruits preserved in liqueurs or syrups can be dipped in liquid fondant laced with the enzyme invertase, which is then allowed to solidify. When the fruits are subsequently dipped in chocolate to form a hard outer shell, the fondant liquefies again inside the chocolate after the enzyme has had time to change the fondant into a syrup. This creates a candy with a hard chocolate shell and a syrupy, fruit-filled center.
[edit] Additives
Some fondant adds hydrogenated vegetable oils to the recipe to give the fondant a creamier texture and longer shelf life.[citation needed]
[edit] Chemistry
Fondant is formed by supersaturating sucrose in water. Less sugar will dissolve in water with a cooler temperature.
Then, after the sucrose is dissolved, the solution is left to cool and the sugar will remain dissolved in the supersaturated solution until nucleation occurs.
* If, while the solution is supersaturated, a seed crystal (undissolved sucrose) falls into the mix, or the solution is agitated the dissolved sucrose will crystallize to form large, crunchy crystals.
* If, however, the solution is allowed to cool and then stirred furiously, violently mixing the entire mixture, it will form many tiny crystals and result in a smooth texture.
[edit] Similar confections
Fondant can be confused with sugar paste which is similar but contains arabic gum.