Chargers are great, you can set the whole table with them out and still have the actual plates to serve the food on in the kitchen. The table looks set but you don't have to collect the plates to serve the food.
Using a smaller plate on top of the clear would look cute too or even put a larger solid plate under the clear to act as a charger.
I don't think you should use a pattern table cloth under the clear plates without chargers or something between. I also wouldn't use table cloth AND place mats. If you have place mats that look good with your table cloth you can use them to make a table runner on top of the table cloth down the middle for your centerpiece. If you over lap them slightly you can use candles, greenery, natural elements or flowers to mask the lines where they come together.
Look around your kitchen and yard for things to make the centerpiece. Be creative. If you have little serving dishes, candle holders, bowls you can put candles in and on them. Pine cones (you can even spray paint them), branches and flowers all look great down the middle of the table just keep them low so people can see over and place them randomly, not too arranged. Layering is the key and put groupings in uneven numbers like 3,5, 7 or 9.
You can just google table setting ideas and look under google images.
The possibilities are endless. Have fun!