S.H.
Hi Krys,
I was a manager of a hair salon for 4 years, and while I didn't do hair, I learned a heck of a lot of 'basic rules' :) I'll share with you what I know:
You can dye it again if you were using color (not bleach) with pretty much no problem right away. However, if you're wanting to go lighter - you cannot (successfully) lighten color with color (this is a #1 rule in the world of hair coloring - it should never be up for debate - don't let someone tell you that you can 'pop the cuticle open by using a higher volume developer'). It will usually go brassy and yucky. You will have to lighten it with bleach. If this is what you want to do, it is best to do foils, not your whole head. This is when you should be going to the hair salon - this type of thing is best not done at home, but best done by a professional.
If you used bleach last night, and you want to go even lighter, it can potentially be done (I've bleached mine 5 times in one day - although that is NEVER recommended - you will have stringy wet spaghetti hair if you have any hair left at all), however, it is best to give your hair time to get re-conditioned and recover from the last bleaching session. You can help it along by putting a really great conditioning masque/oil/conditioner, etc on your hair and leaving it on for as long as you can possibly stand it (i.e. all day & night) and then go ahead and bleach it again. No need to wash the conditioner out - just bleach right over it, it will eat through it all.
If you used bleach and want to go darker with color - go for it. You will be imparting color (pigment) back into your hair shaft which will actually make it seem more healthy.
Hope this helps. Best,
S.
In any of these scenarios be sure to give your hair a good conditioning afterward.