My opinion is that when a family decides they want their child to have a phone, it is their business, not yours. You kind of ARE bashing, since you are "ranting" about it, even if you follow it with "I'm not bashing." And no, it's not just peer pressure. In fact, my daughter was reluctant to have a phone and couldn't care less what her peers do - she's an extremely shy wallflower who doesn't really connect with friends much. It was a very well contemplated and conscious decision of her parents to provide one, and here's why:
We decided when my daughter started participating in activities downtown at night without us, it was time to get a phone. She was 11, and she got my crappy old flip phone. When she turned 13, we got her a free iPhone 5C because her middle school peers were all using the phone for research during class, taking pictures of assignments on the board, and teachers were expecting and telling the kids to use their phones in these ways. It was far more capable than the phone we had given her and it was an excellent and appropriate tool to use for schoolwork. Once she had it, we discovered we could also track her location from our phone and by including her on our plan, it was actually cheaper than the previous arrangement. She has no social media and doesn't want it, and other than academic things, she texts her cousins and takes pictures. We monitor her usage constantly. Her having the phone was a convenience for us as much as for her. She also uses it for apps, like the NASA app, so she knows when to look for the ISS passing overhead.
Now, for the first time, she and her brother will start riding the bus to school. Her brother is 11. I will not start him on a flip phone because I like that I can track an iPhone. Plus, there are no free flip phones, but there are free 5Cs (and my old phone is pink, so I'm not going to give him that). Yes, he will be with an adult on the bus, the driver, but honestly, if he were in trouble, I would not trust the adult to take the time from his driving and the other 40 students to let me know that. I would expect my son to do it. Same with school shootings and other threats - that wasn't part of the common culture back in our day, but it is now. You say "most adults have phones," but not all do, and if they are supervising a group of kids, do you really expect them to call each kid's parents in an emergency? Think of all the school shootings and bus accidents where the police were notified by students? Parents were called by students. If I can empower him to contact me in an emergency, why wouldn't I? And since both kids may start staying for after school activities on different days in their new school, I want them each to be able to contact me when necessary. I do not trust the adults to have the time or attention necessary to contact me during a disaster, and yes, we managed, but if you can do better, why not do better?
Kids don't "need" phones any more than they "need" computers, which is to say in today's society, it actually IS becoming more of a need than a want. Kids who don't have the technology are starting to be left behind. Our middle school teachers often tell the kids to use their phones for assignments and to communicate with each other for projects. My daughter didn't have her iPhone until half way through middle school, and the lack was becoming a recurring problem. The ones who don't have it have a harder time. And honestly, I would prefer that my kids learn responsibility on this technology that will become an essential part of their adult life now, while they are under my supervision. You can fight society, but it's not going back to a phone free world as much as you would like it to, so your kid is going to continue to be left out the older he gets. Socializing among middle schoolers is almost all done instantaneously via social media and texting, and there is a right way and a wrong way to do it - kids don't call and pass notes anymore the way we did. We didn't need phones because nobody had them. Their world is not what we had. But today, that is how kids interact, like it or not. They can get in a lot of trouble with technology, which is why I can't see waiting until they are too old for our supervision.
ETA: I will say, if your child is prone to abusing electronics or if you're too lazy to monitor, then don't do it. But then, that's your failing, not the kid's.