I feel your pain. My youngest son is in 7th grade and we deal with similar issues. Here are my thoughts...
First, if you feel your son needs testing and the counselor doesn't know what to do, it's time to talk to the principal. It floors me that she doesn't have a clue (and her boss will likely not be best pleased either). I've taught in secondary schools (7-12) for 19 years and I've never heard of a counselor who doesn't know that all she needs to do is pick up the phone, call the school psychologist (or district psychologist) or her Special Ed department and schedule an appointment. Sheesh...
Second, it's great that your son does so well in class, participation-wise. Call an all teacher meeting (you might have to do this through the counselor, but hopefully he/she will be able to handle this). Express your concerns and work with the teachers to figure out some strategies for helping your son get his work in. In some cases, it could be as simple as the teacher saying very specifically, "Johnny! Good to see you this morning. I need you to take out your math homework from last night!" It's a personal, verbal cue to get something out. (My kid always read a book through turn-in-your-homework-time and got a D in math because of it!) Some teachers, not all, once they know the parent is involved and concerned are willing to do a little bit more. Yes, they should do this automatically, but, sadly that's not always the case.
Third, don't give up on homework time. Is the problem that your son can't do the work (I don't think that's it) or is it he just doesn't want to do it, focus, etc? If it's the don't-want-to-do-it bit, I found the best trick is to simply set a timer for 10-15 minute blocks. You both sit at the kitchen table, you have your "homework" (a book to read, bills, something like that...I usually grade papers) and he has his. Pick the hardest class first and he needs to try to finish it before the timer goes off. He can ask you questions and he can take longer, but he MUST be working diligently. You should both agree on a non-verbal "refocus" cue. For my kids it was me tapping the table three times. Surprisingly, my kids thought it was fun to try to beat the timer and they did not want me to scowl and tap the table at them. Homework got much easier after the timer came to the table!
Bottom line, your son needs not only an education but a good education. You don't get a good education by not learning to be responsible. It took my first son from 7th grade to 9th grade to learn this. He ended his sophomore year first in his class. My youngest son has been struggling with the organization side of things since birth, but we haven't given up yet. He has to get his agenda book signed, we check grades daily, I email teachers constantly and we still sit down with him at the homework table with a timer.
I can only hope that when my baby hits the 9th grade he'll have figured out how to do all this without me because it's just exhausting! Hang tough, sister. The rewards for both you and your son will be worth it!
Good luck!