Congratulations on your new baby boy!! I understand how frustrating it can be. We had a lot of the same problems. It really is all about positioning. Alot of our problems were solved when I started using the football hold. My anatomy is such that my nipples point outward and that is the only way we can comfortably breastfeed. Also, when he was that young, I had to roll up a sock and place it under my breast to support it or he would stop nursing. I don't know why this was - couldn't breathe, whatever, but it was something to do with how large my breasts were, I don't remember why but it was suggested by the lactation consultant.
Latching on - does it hurt? Did the lactation consultant watch you feed him. Did she say he was latching on properly. Just because he doesn't have much of the areola doesn't necessarily mean he is not latched on properly. My areolas are HUGE! So, to me, he doesn't have much in his mouth, but we have been breastfeeding successfully for 5 months so it's obviously working fine.
As for time, my son took FOREVER to feed. I would spend 45 min at least at a feeding during is first month. As he got older, he got more efficient at suckling, but he still takes about 30 minutes to eat most of the time. He is just a slow eater. Also, as a newborn, he took alot of breaks and needed a lot of breathers. I took this time to burp him and wake him up (undress him, change his diaper). Newborns are sleepyheads and nursing just naturally puts them to sleep because of the hormones. If you can't get him to wake up and be interested in feeding, let him sleep about 30 min and try again. Also, make sure you can hear swallowing. If he is falling asleep and is sucking very lightly, he probably isn't actually nursing. So it will feel like you are nursing him for 30 to 40 minutes, but he didn't get anything to eat so he will still be starving.
When your son pushes the nipple out, it could be for several reasons. These are the four reasons my son he pushed the nipple out.
1. He just wanted to suck so I gave him a pacifier. Sometimes, they just need to suck. I thought my son was always hungry too, and I was miserable until I realized he just needed to suck. I was really against pacifiers at first, but I changed my mind when I realized it save my sanity. It is different with every baby, but my son spent half his awake time just sucking because that's what he wanted. And if I put him on the breast to feed, he would get angry because he didn't want milk and would get over full.
2. He needed to burp. I know they say nursing babies don't really need a lot of burping, but some do. My son did. And they will freak out and come off your breast if that's what they need because it is painful
3. Letdown too strong. During the first month, we had a lot of problems with this. You have milk that quenches his thirst while he sucks before you let down the hindmilk. This let down of the hindmilk can be really strong and sometimes will squirt out very hard and choke and/or scare the baby. You could try pumping first to get your milk flowing then feed him, or a position that utilizes gravity to keep the release from being to strong - talk to your lactation consultant or la leche. Me, I just let him come off, and then attach again and he was fine.
4. He was gassy (or needed to poop). They can't suck and fart/poop at the same time. My son was very gassy, so we had whole days where he would cry through the entire nursing session because he would eat, cry, fart, cry, eat. Also, when he was about 1 month, my son begain having problems pooping. We had alot of the same problems then.
They don't have much control over their arms, so just hold them to his sides if they get in the way of latching on. You won't hurt him. If you are struggling with him staying awake, though, I would advise against swaddling him while eating, because that will make him want to sleep more.
As long as breastfeeding isn't painful and he is gaining weight like he should, then I wouldn't worry and hang in there you are doing fine. Try to relax, because, although it s very frustrating, if you worry about it too much it won't help. Also, if you are just tired of it, there is nothing wrong with formula. Or bottlefeeding breastmilk. The most important thing is he is getting enough to eat and that you are bonding and happy. Because if this is keeping you from bonding with your baby, or stresses you too much, then breastfeeding is doing more harm then good. Good luck