K.S.
hi M.,
i also have an energetic and fearless 19 month old son (maybe they should meet) and i wonder how much of any person's personality is what he came into this world with and how much is our nurturing him. either way, i'll share with you what we've been doing when it comes to sharing and hitting...
our son is a great sharer (he actually offers toys to other kids) and it may be because early on we played the "share" game. i knew this was a word that was going to come up often from toddlerhood on and it really affects the likeability of children so introduced the concept as early as possible. at home, away from the heat/ tension of the playground, my husband and i would demonstrate sharing to him and then we tried with our little one... "will you SHARE that with me? can i have it please?" he hands the toy over, mommy looks very happy, says a big "thank you", pretends to play with it for a second and then gives it back. 2 things were key: 1)showering him with praise for handing the toy over and 2)the giving back of the toy. we gradually took longer and longer to give it back but he knew that mommy would always return it to him so sharing didn't mean losing a plaything.
about hitting: although he hasn't been prone to hitting other children he does occassionally hit mom and dad. i notice that it happens most when he's tired or overwrought. my husband and i took very different approaches to this when this started happening (4 or 5 months ago)--my husband would immediately become stern with him, lower his voice and scold him about the hitting. that only made our little one more upset and hit again in retaliation. so we scrapped that technique. i pretend that i am deeply hurt that he hit me. he's a compassionate little guy so this resonates with who he is and he responds to this better... he'll come over and apologize and nuzzle his head into my lap- he actually feels the consequences to hitting.
if that doesn't work, bcs sometimes he doesn't take us seriously and laughs it off, we'll refuse to play with him. sometimes, we'll march him out of our vicinity (say to the next room over) and tell him that we're not playing with him because he hit. we'll only resume playing once he has understood that there is "no hitting" and he apoloizes to whomever he hit.
it sounds like you are employing consequences to the hitting but i wonder 2 things:
1) are you consistent about it?
2) is he aware that these are consequences to an action he did?
i've seen a lot of parents let the smaller hits "slide", not taking them seriously, and then get really upset with the child when the child has pushed on that boundary hard enough. i feel it's important to nip this behavior in the butt at first sight so i don't relax about the no hitting policy.
i hope this helped.