This sounds normal to me. He wakes up grumpy to a grumpy Dad. There are those who wake up happy and those who don't. He knows you're leaving and so he clings to you. At his age he's learning about object constancy. He may still be at the stage in which if he can't see you he's not sure you're still there. It also sounds like you're the more even tempered easy to be with then his Dad.
As to the statements about his Daddy not loving him and him not loving Daddy. That's very normal. He's trying to figure out his world. Does he say this to his Dad or just to you? Perhaps he's unsure of Daddy's love because he isn't verbal or demonstrative about it combined with grumpiness even if it's just some of the time. That's normal for some Dad's too. I would respond with something like, "I know Daddy loves you."
Saying "I don't love so and so, even Daddies and Mommies, is a common way of expressing anger at this age. You could ask him if he's angry and then just listen without trying to change his mind. Also, if he doesn't say yes to anger you could read to him books about feelings. You can find them in the library, and used book stores if you don't want to pay full price. Or you could say, I wonder if you're mad because of such and such. Another line is If that happened to me I'd be mad.
Your son does feel the tension between you and your husband and some of this is his reaction to the tension. I imagine the two of you argue and give each other the cold shoulder some of the time.
My granddaughter, who is now nearly 9, has always said to me I love you more than mamma. And she says Mama doesn't love me and I don't love mamma when the two of them have tangled. She also asks me if I love her more than Mamma or her little brother.
I think she feels insecure because she has lost a father and a step-father and her mother can be cranky at times.
When his Daddy is leaving does Daddy try to kiss your son and say a cheery see you later,.....? If either you or your husband are in a hurry and unable to pay attention to him he may feel anxious.
If this was me, I'd schedule 10-15 minutes of time with him in the morning. Mommy and baby time exclusively. Then pass him on to Daddy so that you can finish getting ready. I would help Daddy to find ways to entertain him in a room separate from the room you're in. Play legos, truck and cars, watch a kids' program on TV. Now that the weather is so nice, go outside and look for bugs. The goal is to give him a bit of loving before you leave and a distraction to help him feel better.
I found with my daughter and my grandkids that sneaking out while they were playing didn't work. They'd look for Grandma and ask when's grandma coming back. So I'd go to where they were playing, give them a hug and a kiss and say in a cheerful voice, I'll pick you up this afternoon or I'll be back in 2 days when they're at home. The day care provider would translate that into what they were doing at that time and say "grandma will be back after afternoon snack," Once this had become a consistent routine it worked well.
Most children fuss some when Mommy or Daddy leave. Change is more difficult for some babies than others.
A possibility for the acting out is that he is testing and testing. What can I do and what will Daddy/Mommy do if I do this. He may also be asking for attention. My grandson is big time teasing in an angry way kid. I've found that if I sit down with him until he wants to get off my lap his mood will lighten.
Sometimes he won't co-operate with doing that. So I send him alone to his room to play. It's sort of like a timeout. His mother or I say I don't want to listen to your whining. Please go to your room and come out when you can use your big boy voice.
All of this said matter of factly. Start before you've begun to lose your patience.
I think my grandson was around 3 when his mother started having this sort of time out.
In his room have a cuddly blanket, possibily a pillow, and some soft toys with which to play, books to look at. Sometimes it helps to put on some soothing music.
If he's acting out because he's hungry, give him a healthy snack. My granddaughter frequently gives her kids part of their dinner, such as an apple or a piece of cheese, while they sit at the table and she finishes fixing dinner.
Routine is important to these little guys. Do the same thing every morning. When you leave say the same thing with a hug and a kiss. Get up early enough that he can spend some time with you. Try to be cheerful (not fake or overly) and positive with the goodbyes. Don't comiserate with this. Express the positive attitude that you know he'll be OK
My grandchildren have favorite stuffed animals which they often hold during transitions. My granddaughter, 9, is staying overnight with me tonight. She brought her teddy bear and Grandma Moxley blanket.