K.:
It's important to know what type of diabetes he has - does he need insulin daily? Can it be controlled by diet alone? His doctor should have referred him (and you) to a nutritionist, given him a blood glucose monitor and had the both of you in the office to talk about his care.
I would call the Dr.'s office back and tell them that this isn't just another case and tell them that you need a referral to a nutritionist and to find out what you need to do to keep your husband healthy.
This will be a learning curve issue - I don't think you need a scale, as for almost all diabetics, it's not about the weight of the food, but how their individual bodies process the carbohydrates.
In planning meals - it all depends on how his body handles sugars and carbs. While many diabetics can eat a baked potato, french fries, mashed potatoes, etc (all pure carb and when broke down is pure sugar) some can't. My father can eat corn. My grandmother cannot. Veggies like peas and corn turn to pure sugar/carb when digested and it will be a matter of seeing how his body digests these foods.
I can tell you that drinking plenty of water and exercise is EXTREMELY important in diabetic maintenance. This might be a great time for you and your husband to start a work out routine, like walking around the block after dinner or something like that.
Oh yeah - bread - that's another carb thing. Go for the more healthier bread. Ensure that if you are out shopping, etc. that you have crackers or some other easily accessed food - my dad's blood sugar drops really fast sometimes and he'll start slurring his words (he won't recognize it) and my mom gives him the cheese and peanut butter crackers. Orange juice is a great way to raise blood sugar as well.
I am not diabetic - I am hypoglycemic - but I still need to watch my intake and know my body. I get headaches and then turn in to a raving witch when my blood sugar drops fast.
Know that you are not alone and things will be fine. It will be a learning curve and learning how his body processes foods.
Take care and God Bless.
Cheryl