My son is 10-months-old and has had good times sleeping and very, very bad times sleeping, so I thought I'd let you know what has been working for us (sorry it is so long).
Each night, we have set up a ritual, bath (or Daddy holds him in a shower, which he loves and prefers), PJs, brush teeth (he has 8 already...even the dentist is impressed!!!), book, nurse, then bed. When I put him in bed, I cuddle him under a blanket (he never liked swaddling much, but that is a good suggestion too), tell him he is a big boy and can go to sleep by himself and turn on his mobile as well as I made a CD of sleepy time songs (we got the CDs from the library and I made a mix) that plays for about 3 hours very softly (it is mainly Veggie Tales sing the Nursery Rhymes/older hymns with a modern feel...it is adorable...I love it). We also have a fan going on low for white noise. I piled some (6-8) safe toys in his crib, which he now plays with as he is going to sleep (it is so cute to see him "read" his soft books as he goes to sleep) and when he first wakes in the morning. I'm sure the probably plays some in the middle of the night too.
When he wakes in the middle of the night (which is quite often), I wait until his cry is more urgent...then I know something may be wrong (if it is a sleepy cry, I don't go in and he usually goes back to sleep on his own after about 5 minutes or so). If I go in, I first try just patting his back first and if he doesn't settle down to that, I will pick him up and try rocking him...oh and I don't ever turn on the light, just a nightlight we have in the bathroom or keep one plugged in in his room or don't turn the light on at all if your eyes are adjusted (if your son is like mine, he is drawn to lights and will sit and stare, rather than go back to sleep) and we sit and rock for a little bit after I turn his CD back on, but only for about 5-10 minutes, then regardless if he is asleep or not, I put him back in bed, re-cuddle him in his blanket (which he has become very attached to in the last week...he doesn't use a paci or suck his thumb or anything like that, but if your son does, help him find those things too) and turn on his mobile and leave the room right away. If he seems hungry when we are rocking (I assume growth spurt), I nurse him again, but we are trying to wean that feeding, so unless he is acting starving, patting my chest (which is his "sign" for milk), I try not to feed him in the middle of the night.
Unfortunately, some of our fallbacks have come because he gets sick lots (and is teething lots), but I still try to keep the routine going even when he is sick (though I go pick him up as soon as he cries then and rock him for longer, usually until he is almost asleep).
I do feel that the best thing I have done is putting him in his bed sleepy, but awake and letting him cry for a bit (which sometimes means turning off the baby monitor and closing the door to keep you from bursting back into the room to rescue your baby and turning on the TV or movie on LOUD if you are still up...even sometimes have had to do this in the middle of the night too especially after a bout with illness and he has gotten into the habit of waking up again in the night...may seem like I'm a bad mom, but it has truly worked with good results) which teaches him to settle himself and put hiself to bed. Now, after about a week of that, he now can go to sleep on his own without putting up too much of a fuss and even fall back asleep on his own in the middle of the night. It definately takes some willpower and is not for the weak at heart! I don't profess to being very strong because I have to admit that I have had nights where I am SO tired (I sometimes do my transcription after he goes to bed and work until the early morning), I just rock him and nurse him until he falls asleep, but every little thing you try is going to help (and hopefully will help make sure that you don't have kids in YOUR bed as they grow...which is hard for us, we only have a full size bed and even as a little baby, if he slept with us, I ended up getting kicked out of bed sooner rather than later and got a horrible nights sleep, so I can't imagine as he grows or with other siblings in the mix!!!)!
I hope this helps you get some ideas to try. Good luck!
S., 25, mom of 10-month-old boy Tyrrone